The article deals with the problems of increasing the self-sufficiency of the Georgian economy through improving its sectoral structure, diversifying and increasing export volumes and increasing the scale of import-substituting production. In this regard, we study the understanding of the structural effect (mainly its structural and sectoral aspects) and the ways of its assessment, among which the main role is played by the assessment of the level of self-sufficiency of the economy. The level of self-sufficiency of the economy in the context of enlarged sectoral groups has been studied and, on this basis, suggested ways to improve the sectoral structure of the Georgian economy in order to increase its self-sufficiency and strengthen the country's economic security.

A little less than thirty years have passed since the post-communist transformation of the economy began in Georgia, but so far the macroeconomic parameters of the country's economic development are disappointing. Although in some years of the first decade of the twenty-first century, relatively high rates of economic growth were observed, it should be borne in mind that the countdown began from a low level of arbitrariness in the post-destruction period. At the same time, in the 90s, production was curtailed in many industries (including those that produced sufficiently competitive products), and throughout the transformation period, with rare exceptions, new modern productions (industries) did not appear, for a number of years there was a strong decline in agriculture, and most importantly, the volume of imports of goods and services exceeds exports by more than 3.5 times (and for a number of groups of industries and local production in general), and from this it follows that the country is very low level of self-sufficiency of the economy. Moreover, the situation with such an impressive negative balance between exports and imports has not changed for many years, and this means that the situation with the country's economic security is unfavorable. To cover the difference between exports and imports, both the government and businesses have to turn to foreign loans, for which interest must be paid and then repaid, which is becoming an increasingly heavy burden for the financial situation of the country, i.e. economic security is becoming more and more aggravated (although difficulties with the financial situation partially facilitate currency transfers from Georgian citizens working abroad, but this only partially alleviates the situation).

In order to increase the level of economic security of the country on the basis of improving the ratio between exports and imports, it is necessary to build import-substituting and export-oriented production in various priority sectors of the economy, i.e., radically change and diversify its sectoral structure.

To ensure the necessary dynamism of economic development for this, it seems necessary to assess in detail the shortcomings of the modern sectoral structure of the economy and to outline ways to improve it (restructure).

For all considered groups of industries (energy, food, light industries and agriculture, chemical and polymer industries, building materials industry, high-tech industries, etc.), the level of self-sufficiency of the economy is more or less low, and in the group of high-tech industries (in this group on statistical materials we grouped a fairly wide range of industries from the automotive industry and machine tool to IT technologies) and light industry is extremely low. In order to achieve a significant structural effect in the near future in the process of sectoral restructuring (primarily by increasing the self-sufficiency of the economy), it is necessary, in particular, in the power industry to focus on building hydropower plants, to quickly create or develop import-substituting and export-oriented production in food and light industries, while strengthening the agricultural raw materials base of these industries, to develop and partially reanimate the materials, to develop new branches of the chemical and metallurgical industries (in particular, the production of metal plastics and products from them), etc. And most importantly, without which a significant improvement in the export-import balance of the country is impossible, it is necessary to move to accelerated development (new construction, reanimation on a new technological base) mainly export-oriented, selected. According to certain criteria of priority and assessment of the sales opportunities of the intended for the production of high-tech industries (for example, the production of IT-equipped machines, the production of solar cells, etc.). In order to facilitate effective sectoral restructuring of the economy in the country, it is advisable to develop a structural sectoral policy using the tools of both government and business coordination to implement it.